Geographic Information System– Analytic Hierarchy Process (GIS- AHP) Framework for Optimal Solar PV Deployment in Northern Samar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E3/2026-02Keywords:
land suitability, solar PV, Geographic Information System (GIS), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)Abstract
This study assessed the land suitability for solar photovoltaic (PV) deployment in Northern Samar using a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach integrated with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Four major criteria were evaluated: Solar Power Potential (41.3%), Climatology (31.2%), Geographical Factors (20.1%), and Disaster Susceptibility (7.4%), each comprising several parameters. At the parameter level, Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) carried the highest weight under Solar Power Potential at 60.8%, followed by Sunshine Duration (39.2%). Under Climatology, Temperature held the greatest weight at 44.9%, followed by Cloud Cover (24.4%), Precipitation (20.6%), and Relative Humidity (10.1%). For Geographical Factors, Land Use dominated with 68.6%, followed by Slope (17.5%) and Elevation (13.9%). Disaster Susceptibility consisted of Flood Susceptibility (69.3%) and Ground Shaking Hazard (30.7%). All consistency ratios (CRs) were below 10%, confirming the logical consistency of the AHP model. Spatial analysis revealed that 60.39% (2077.71 km²) of Northern Samar’s total land area is moderately suitable for solar PV deployment. About 3.92% (134.87 km²) is classified as optimal, 2.77% (95.30 km²) as favorable, 7.42% (255.28 km²) as marginally suitable, and 25.5% (877.32 km²) as unsuitable. The findings show varying solar potential across Northern Samar, providing useful guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in crafting localized solar strategies. While offering a broad view, the study also emphasizes the need for detailed site assessments to support informed investments and maximize renewable energy output.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Elmera S. Doro, Elvin L. Jarito, PhD (Author)
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