Swing Bus Placement Location's Impact on the Distance Buses in an Electric Grid Network (Case Study of Nigeria Transmission 330kv Lines Network)

Abstract

Using Nigeria's 330kV transmission lines network as a case study, this paper examines how swing bus placement site affects the spacing between buses in an electric grid network. In power system analysis, especially load flow studies, the swing bus is essential. The accuracy and convergence of load flow solutions can be strongly impacted by the swing bus's location. The impact of various swing bus placements on the spacing between buses in the Nigerian 330kV transmission network is examined in this research using ETAP. The findings indicate that the swing bus's location has an impact on the network's power flow, line losses, and voltage profile. Decisions on power system design and operation can be influenced by the study's insights regarding the swing bus's ideal location inside the Nigerian grid network. The results show that, toward the northern part of the network, due to the long distance, the system violate the voltage limits in almost all the busses. The system frequency limit also affected. Since the swing bus sets a reference voltage angle, its location affects system-wide voltage phase angles. A choice distorts the voltage profile, especially in radial, weakly meshed sections area of the network.  Swing bus position affects how losses are circulated and distributed across the lines. Most buses' voltage angles exhibit a noticeable drop from 0.02 seconds to about 2-3 seconds, after which they either stabilize or barely fluctuate. This can suggest a response to a problem or disturbance. The voltage levels begin to climb again by 7.5 to 15 seconds after first decreasing (especially between 1 and 5 seconds), indicating that the system has stabilized.