Resilience of Cloud Systems Supporting Critical Digital Services: A Review of Practices in the United States
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E7/2026-01Keywords:
Cloud resilience, Critical digital services, multi-cloud architecture, Chaos engineeringAbstract
Cloud computing systems have evolved into the foundation of important digital services within various fields such as banking, health care, governments, telecommunication networks, and energy generation and distribution services. It is imperative to ensure that cloud systems operate resiliently for reasons of economic growth, security, and national defense. This paper aims to provide a detailed review of cloud resilience in critical digital service sectors, focusing on sector-specific approaches to cloud architecture, legislation, and operational practices. Challenges associated with building resilient clouds range from technical limitations in the form of scalability limits, vendor lock-in mechanisms, and quantum attacks, organizational issues relating to workforce readiness, legislative fragmentation, and reliance on third-party vendors, to evidentiary concerns that have been illustrated by the MOVEit ransomware attack of 2023. Cross-sector review of these topics shows similarities in areas such as high availability, integration of cybersecurity systems, and multi-cloud systems, while also pointing out differences in tolerable levels of risk and priorities between sectors. The policy and practical suggestions highlight the need for coordinated regulatory policies, skilled human capital, multi-cloud interoperability, and anticipatory deployment of quantum-safe, AI-enabled systems. The work makes a valuable addition to the current knowledge on cloud resilience; unlike prior sector-specific resilience studies, this review synthesizes architectural, operational, governance, and emerging technology practices into a unified resilience perspective. This study further contextualizes the proposed Unified Adaptive Cloud Resilience Framework (UACRF) by examining how resilience practices are operationalized across critical digital service sectors in the United States.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Oluwafemi Oluwagboyega Fabiyi , Jessica Fosua Agyei (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
